move()

Function Definition: move(steps = 10)

Parameters

Name	Type	Description	Expected Values	Default Value
steps	int	The number of steps to move.	0-500	10

Description

The function moves its sprite forward the specified amount of steps in the direction it is facing. A step is equal to one-pixel length.

The block actually uses Trigonometry to move in the proper direction, as that is how a computer handles it.

Example

Beetle Movement – Python

The example demonstrates using key sensing to control the sprite's movement in Python.

Code

sprite = Sprite('Beetle')

sprite.setdirection(90)
sprite.gotoxy(0, 0)

while True:
  if sprite.iskeypressed('up arrow'):
    sprite.move(3)
  if sprite.iskeypressed('down arrow'):
    sprite.move(-3)
  if sprite.iskeypressed('left arrow'):
    sprite.left(3)
  if sprite.iskeypressed('right arrow'):
    sprite.right(3)

Output

Walking Tobi – Python

The example demonstrates the wall bouncing of the sprite, rotation style, and costume change in Python.

Code

sprite = Sprite('Tobi')
import time

sprite.setrotationstyle('left-right')

while True:
  sprite.move(5)
  sprite.bounceonedge()
  sprite.switchcostume("Tobi walking 1")
  time.sleep(0.1)
  
  sprite.move(5)
  sprite.bounceonedge()
  sprite.switchcostume("Tobi walking 2")
  time.sleep(0.1)

Output

Computer Controlled Quadruped

In this tutorial, you will learn how to control a quadruped robot using arrow keys.

Introduction

In this example, we will make the computer program that controls a “quadruped” (a four-legged robot). It’s like a remote control car, except with four legs instead of four wheels. You can press different keys on the keyboard to make the quadruped move forward, backward, turn left and turn right.

Logic

The Quadruped will move according to the following logic:

Quadruped will move forward When the “UP” key is pressed.
Quadruped will move backward When the “DOWN” key is pressed.
Quadruped will turn left When the “LEFT” key is pressed.
When the “RIGHT” key is pressed – Quadruped will turn right.

Code

The program uses the up, down, left, and right arrows to control the robot and make it move forward, backward, left, and right. Every time you press one of the arrows, Quadruped will move in the direction you choose for specific steps.

sprite = Sprite('Tobi')
quarky = Quarky()
import time

quad=Quadruped(4,1,8,5,3,2,7,6)
quad.home()

while True:
  if sprite.iskeypressed("up arrow"):
    quad.move("forward",1000,1)
    time.sleep(1)
    
  if sprite.iskeypressed("down arrow"):
    quad.move("backward",1000,1)
    
  if sprite.iskeypressed("left arrow"):
    quad.move("turn left",1000,1)
    
  if sprite.iskeypressed("right arrow"):
    quad.move("turn right",1000,1)

Output

Gesture Controlled Quadruped With Machine Learning

Learn to demonstrate how to use ML Environment to make a model that identifies the hand gestures and makes the Quadruped move accordingly.

Introduction

This project demonstrates how to use Machine Learning Environment to make a machine–learning model that identifies hand gestures and makes the quadruped move accordingly.

To test the model, simply enter the input values in the “Testing” panel and click on the “Predict” button.

The model will return the probability of the input belonging to the classes.

Export in Python Coding

Click on the “Export Model” button on the top right of the Testing box, and PictoBlox will load your model into the Python Coding Environment if you have opened the ML Environment in Python Coding.

code

The following code appears in the Python Editor of the selected sprite.

####################imports####################
# Do not change

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import time
quarky=Quarky

quad=Quadruped(4,1,8,5,3,2,7,6)

# Do not change
####################imports####################

#Following are the model and video capture configurations
# Do not change

model=tf.keras.models.load_model(
    "num_model.h5",
    custom_objects=None,
    compile=True,
    options=None)
pose = Posenet()                                                    # Initializing Posenet
pose.enablebox()                                                    # Enabling video capture box
pose.video("on",0)                                                  # Taking video input
class_list=['Forward','Backward','Left','Right','Stop']                  # List of all the classes

# Do not change
###############################################

#This is the while loop block, computations happen here
# Do not change

while True:
  pose.analysehand()                                             # Using Posenet to analyse hand pose
  coordinate_xy=[]
    
    # for loop to iterate through 21 points of recognition
  for i in range(21):
    if(pose.gethandposition(1,i,0)!="NULL"  or pose.gethandposition(2,i,0)!="NULL"):
      coordinate_xy.append(int(240+float(pose.gethandposition(1,i,0))))
      coordinate_xy.append(int(180-float(pose.gethandposition(2,i,0))))
    else:
      coordinate_xy.append(0)
      coordinate_xy.append(0)
            
  coordinate_xy_tensor = tf.expand_dims(coordinate_xy, 0)        # Expanding the dimension of the coordinate list
  predict=model.predict(coordinate_xy_tensor)                    # Making an initial prediction using the model
  predict_index=np.argmax(predict[0], axis=0)                    # Generating index out of the prediction
  predicted_class=class_list[predict_index]                      # Tallying the index with class list
  print(predicted_class)

    
  # Do not change

Logic

If the identified class from the analyzed image is “forward,” the Quadruped will move forward at a specific speed.
If the identified class is “backward,” the Quadruped will move backward.
If the identified class is “left,” the Quadruped will move left.
If the identified class is “right,” the Quadruped will move right.
Otherwise, the Quadruped will be in the home position.

Add this code in

def runQuarky(predicted_class):
    if pose.ishanddetected():
      if predicted_class == "Forward":
        quad.move("forward",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Backward":
        quad.move("backward",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Left":
        quad.move("turn left",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Right":
        quad.move("turn right",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Stop":
        quad.home()

Final code

####################imports####################
# Do not change

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import time
quarky=Quarky

quad=Quadruped(4,1,8,5,3,2,7,6)

# Do not change
####################imports####################

#Following are the model and video capture configurations
# Do not change

model=tf.keras.models.load_model(
    "num_model.h5",
    custom_objects=None,
    compile=True,
    options=None)
pose = Posenet()                                                    # Initializing Posenet
pose.enablebox()                                                    # Enabling video capture box
pose.video("on",0)                                                  # Taking video input
class_list=['Forward','Backward','Left','Right','Stop']                  # List of all the classes

def runQuarky(predicted_class):
    if pose.ishanddetected():
      if predicted_class == "Forward":
        quad.move("forward",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Backward":
        quad.move("backward",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Left":
        quad.move("turn left",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Right":
        quad.move("turn right",1000,1)
        
      elif predicted_class == "Stop":
        quad.home()
# Do not change
###############################################

#This is the while loop block, computations happen here
# Do not change

while True:
  pose.analysehand()                                             # Using Posenet to analyse hand pose
  coordinate_xy=[]
    
    # for loop to iterate through 21 points of recognition
  for i in range(21):
    if(pose.gethandposition(1,i,0)!="NULL"  or pose.gethandposition(2,i,0)!="NULL"):
      coordinate_xy.append(int(240+float(pose.gethandposition(1,i,0))))
      coordinate_xy.append(int(180-float(pose.gethandposition(2,i,0))))
    else:
      coordinate_xy.append(0)
      coordinate_xy.append(0)
            
  coordinate_xy_tensor = tf.expand_dims(coordinate_xy, 0)        # Expanding the dimension of the coordinate list
  predict=model.predict(coordinate_xy_tensor)                    # Making an initial prediction using the model
  predict_index=np.argmax(predict[0], axis=0)                    # Generating index out of the prediction
  predicted_class=class_list[predict_index]                      # Tallying the index with class list
  print(predicted_class)
  runQuarky(predicted_class)
    
  # Do not change

Output

Creating Humanoid Dance Sequences

This code example shows how to program a humanoid robot to perform a dance routine. Learn how to use the Humanoid object with specific pins to control robot movement.

Introduction

Humanoid is a class in a programming code that is used to control the movements of a humanoid robot. The code provides specific pins to control the robot’s movement, and it allows the robot to perform a series of actions such as dancing, flapping, moving forward, and other actions. We can learn how to program a humanoid robot to dance.

Code

sprite = Sprite('Tobi')
quarky=Quarky()
import time

humanoid = Humanoid(7,2,6,3,8,1)

quarky.showemotion("surprise")
humanoid.home()
humanoid.move("forward",1000,1)
quarky.playsound("QuarkyIntro")
humanoid.action("flapping",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
humanoid.action("dance2",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
humanoid.action("moonwalker",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
humanoid.action("dance1",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
humanoid.action("forward",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
Humanoid.action("tiptoeswing",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
Humanoid.action("swing",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
Humanoid.action("flapping",1000,1)
time.sleep(1)
Humanoid.action("updown",1000,1)
Humanoid.home()

Logic

This code is an example of how to program a humanoid robot to perform a dance routine.
The first line code imports the time module for later use.
Then we initialize the Humanoid object with specific pins to control the movement of the robot. The pins are passed as arguments to the Humanoid function.
Furthermore, we involve the Quarky object showing emotion, the humanoid robot moving to its home position, and then moving forward for a specified duration and speed.
Then, Quarky plays a sound, and the humanoid performs a series of different actions, each with specific duration and speed, including flapping, dancing, moving forward, and other actions.
The time. sleep(1) functions are used to pause the program for one second between each action.
Finally, the humanoid returns to its home position at the end of the program.

Output

Face Tracking Controlled Humanoid Robot

Learn how to use face detection to control humanoid robot movements for interactive and responsive robotics applications. Get started now!

Introduction

One of the most fascinating activities is face tracking, in which the Quarky can detect a face and move its head in the same direction as yours. How intriguing it sounds, so let’s get started with the coding for a face-tracking robot.

Logic

If the face is tracked at the center of the stage, the humanoid should be straight.
As the face moves to the left side, the humanoid will also move to the left side.
As the face moves to the right side, the humanoid will also move to the right side.

Code

sprite = Sprite('Tobi')
quarky=Quarky()
import time
import math
humanoid = Humanoid(7,2,6,3,8,1)

fd = FaceDetection()
fd.video("on", 0)
fd.enablebox()
fd.setthreshold(0.5)
time.sleep(1)
Angle=0
while True:
  fd.analysestage()
  for i in range(fd.count()):
    sprite.setx(fd.x(i + 1))
    sprite.sety(fd.y(i + 1))
    sprite.setsize(fd.width(i + 1))
    Angle=fd.width(i + 1)
    angle=int(float(Angle))
    if angle>90:
      humanoid.move("left",1000,3)
    elif angle<90:
      humanoid.move("right",1000,3)
      time.sleep(1)
    else:
      humanoid.home()

Code Explanation

First, we import libraries and create objects for the robot.
Next, we set up the camera and enable face detection with a 0.5 threshold.
We use a loop to continuously analyze the camera feed for faces and control the humanoid’s movement based on this information.
When a face is detected, the humanoid sprite moves to the face’s location, and the angle of the face is used to determine the direction of movement.
If the angle is greater than 90 degrees, the humanoid moves to the left.if angle is less than 90 degrees, the humanoid moves to the right.if angle is exactly 90 degrees, the humanoid returns to its original position.
This code demonstrates how to use face detection to control the movement of a humanoid robot and how to incorporate external inputs into a program to create more interactive and responsive robotics applications.

Output

Face Tracking Controlled Quadruped

Learn about face-tracking, and how to code a face-tracking Quadruped robot using sensors and computer vision techniques.

Introduction

A face-tracking robot is a type of robot that uses sensors and algorithms to detect and track human faces in real time. The robot’s sensors, such as cameras or infrared sensors, capture images or videos of the surrounding environment and use computer vision techniques to analyze the data and identify human faces. One of the most fascinating activities is face tracking, in which the Quadruped can detect a face and move its head in the same direction as yours. How intriguing it sounds, so let’s get started with the coding for a face-tracking Quadruped robot.

we will learn how to use face detection to control the movement of a Quadruped robot and how to incorporate external inputs into a program to create more interactive and responsive robotics applications.

Logic

If the face is tracked at the center of the stage, the Quadruped should be straight.
As the face moves to the left side, the Quadruped will also move to the left side.
As the face moves to the right side, the Quadruped will also move to the right side.

Code

sprite = Sprite('Tobi')
quarky=Quarky()

import time
import math
quad=Quadruped(4,1,8,5,3,2,7,6)

fd = FaceDetection()
fd.video("on", 0)
fd.enablebox()
fd.setthreshold(0.5)
time.sleep(1)
Angle=0
while True:
  fd.analysestage()
  for i in range(fd.count()):
    sprite.setx(fd.x(i + 1))
    sprite.sety(fd.y(i + 1))
    sprite.setsize(fd.width(i + 1))
    Angle=fd.width(i + 1)
    angle=int(float(Angle))
    if angle>90:
      quad.move("lateral right",1000,1)
    elif angle<90:
      quad.move("lateral left",1000,1)
    else:
      quad.home()

Code Explanation

First, we import libraries and create objects for the time and math.
Next, we set up the camera and enable face detection with a 0.5 threshold.
Based on this information, We use a loop to continuously analyze the camera feed for faces and control the humanoid’s movement.
When a face is detected, the quadruped sprite moves to the face’s location and the angle of the face is used to determine the direction of movement.
The Quadruped moves to the left if the angle is greater than 90 degrees.
The Quadruped moves to the right if the angle is less than 90 degrees.
If the angle is exactly 90 degrees, the Qudruped returns to its original position.

Output

Our next step is to check whether it is working right or not. Whenever your face will come in front of the camera, it should detect it and as you move to the right or left, the head of your Quadruped robot should also move accordingly.

Shark Attack: Hungry for Fish | Number Classifier

Learn how to create a dataset and Machine Learning Model for an automated shark attack game from the user's input. See how to open the ML environment, upload data, label images, train the model, and export the Python script.

Introduction

In this example project, we are going to create a Machine Learning Model where shark run by the user and fish automatically feed on randomly generated food while escaping from sharks.

Data Collection

Now, we are going to collect the data of “Shark Attack: Hungry for Fish” game .
This data will contain the actions that we have taken to accomplish the game successfully.
We will use the data we collect here, to teach our device how to play the “Shark Attack: Hungry for Fish” game , i.e. to perform machine learning.
The data that you collect will get saved in your device as a csv (comma separated values) file. If you open this file in Microsoft Excel, it will look as shown below:

Follow the steps below

Open PictoBlox and create a new file.
Select the coding environment as Python Coding Environment.
Now write code in python.

Code for making dataset

Creates a sprite object named “Fish”. A sprite is typically a graphical element that can be animated or displayed on a screen.
Creates three sprites object named “Orange” , “Shark2” and “Button3” and also upload backdrop of “Underwater2” .
Click on the Fish.py file from the Project files section.
```
sprite = Sprite('Fish')
```

Similarly, declare new sprites on the Fish.py file.

sprite1 = Sprite('Orange')
sprite2 = Sprite('Shark 2')
sprite3 = Sprite('Button3')

Then we will import the time, random, os, math, TensorFlow as tf and Pandas as pd modules using the import keyword for using delay in the program later.
1. Time – For using delay in the program.
2. Random – For using random position.
3. Pandas as pd – For using Data Frame.
4. Math– For using math functions in code.
5. Os– For reading files from Program files.
```
import random
import time
import tensorflow as tf
import pandas as pd
import os
import math
```
Now, make 3 variables curr_x, curr_y, shark_x, shark_y, score, chance, fish_d, fish_m, shark_m, angle_f and angle_s with initial values 25, 108, -177, 116, 0, 5, 20, 35, 25, 90 and 90 respectively.
1. curr_x – To store the initial x – position of fish.
2. curr_y – To store the initial y – position of fish.
3. shark_x – To store the initial x – position of shark.
4. shark_y – To store the initial y – position of shark.
5. score – To store the score while playing the game.
6. chance– To store the chance of fish while playing the game.
7. fish_d– To store increment value in direction of fish on pressing specific key.
8. fish_m – To store increment value in movement of fish on pressing specific key.
9. shark_m – To store increment value in movement of shark on pressing specific key.
10. shark_d – To store increment value in direction of shark on pressing specific key.
11. angle_f – To store increment value in angle of fish on pressing specific key.
12. angle_s – To store increment value in angle of shark on pressing specific key.
```
curr_x = 25 
curr_y = 108 
shark_x=-177 
shark_y=116 
score=0 
chance=5 
fish_d=20 
fish_m=25 
shark_m=4 
angle_f=90 
angle_s=90
```

Now set initial position and angle of fish and shark both.

sprite.setx(curr_x)
sprite.sety(curr_y)
sprite2.setx(shark_x)
sprite2.sety(shark_y)
sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_f)
sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_s)

Now, make a function settarget1() in which we are generating food at a random position. We pass one argument “m” in the function for generating target food in the greed position of the t gap.
1. x and y – To generate the fish at random position on stage.
2. x1 and y1 – To generate the food at random position on stage.
3. x2 and y2 – To generate the shark at random position on stage.
4. time.sleep – For giving the time delay.
5. sprite.set()– To Set the position of fish at random position on stage.
6. sprite1.set()– To Set the position of food at random position on stage.
7. sprite2.set()– To Set the position of shark at random position on stage.
```
def settarget(t):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x1 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y1 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x2 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y2 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x1)
  sprite1.sety(y1)
  sprite.setx(x)
  sprite.sety(y)
  sprite2.setx(x2)
  sprite2.sety(y2)
  return x, y, x1, y1, x2, y2
```
Now, make a function settarget1() in which we are generating food at a random position. We pass one argument “m” in the function for generating target food in the greed position of the t gap.
1. x and y – To generate the food at random position on stage.
2. time.sleep – For giving the time delay.
3. sprite1.set()– To Set the position of food at random position on stage.
```
def settarget1(m):
x = random.randrange(-200, 200, m)
y = random.randrange(-155, 155, m)
time.sleep(0.1)
sprite1.setx(x)
sprite1.sety(y)
return x, y 
```
Now set the target (food). In this, fish are chasing the food, and target_x and target_y should be equal to the x and y positions of the food.
```
target_x, target_y = settarget(40) 
```

Now create a data frame of name “Chase_Data.csv” to collect the data for machine learning and if this name csv exist then directly add data in it.

target_x, target_y = settarget1(40)
if(os.path.isfile('Chase_Data.csv')):
  data=pd.read_csv('Chase_Data.csv')
else:
  data = pd.DataFrame({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": angle_f, "direction_s": angle_s, "Action": "RIGHT"}, index=[0])

After that, we will use the while True loop to run the code indefinitely. Don’t forget to add a colon ‘:’ just after the loop to avoid errors.
```
while True:
```

In a while loop, write code by which sharks follow fish by ‘shark_m’ steps.

sprite2.spriteRequest.requestCommand("motion_pointtowards", {"TOWARDS": "Fish"})
 sprite2.move(shark_m)

Find the direction of shark and fish using the Python pictoblox function and take the floor value of angle.

angle_f=sprite.direction()
angle_s=sprite2.direction()
anglef=math.floor(angle_f)
angles=math.floor(angle_s)

Now write the script for moving the Fish in forward direction and change clockwise or anticlockwise direction by fix value with the help of a conditional statement.

If the up arrow key is pressed then fish will move fish_m position in same direction.

After pressing the up arrow key action taken should be stored in the Data frame with data.append command.

if sprite.iskeypressed("up arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "UP"}, ignore_index=True)
    sprite.move(fish_m)

Repeat the process for the set direction in clockwise or anticlockwise.

if sprite.iskeypressed("left arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "LEFT"}, ignore_index=True)
    angle = anglef - fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)
if sprite.iskeypressed("right arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "RIGHT"}, ignore_index=True)
    angle = anglef + fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)

Write the conditional statement for the storing data in csv file after few score.
```
if(score>0 and score%2==0):
    data.to_csv('Chase_Data.csv',index=False)
```
Write the conditional statement for the chance variable. If the fish and shark position difference is less than 20, then the chance should be decreased by one.
```
 if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
```

Update the position of all three sprites, and if chance becomes 0, then data should be printed on Chase Data. csv file, and the positions of all three sprites change randomly by the functions settarget() and update chance value.

  if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
    curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget(40)
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    if (chance == 0):
      data.to_csv('Chase_Data.csv',index=False)
      curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget(40)
      chance=5

Again write the conditional statement for the score variable if the fish and food position difference is less then 20 then the score should be increased by one.
```
if abs(curr_x-target_x)<20 and abs(curr_y-target_y)<20: 
    score = score + 1 
    sprite.say(("your score is: {}".format(score)))
```
If the score is equal to or greater than 50 then data should be printed on Chase Data.csv file and food positions change randomly by the function settarget1().
```
if (score >= 40):
      print(data)
      data.to_csv('Chase Data.csv')
      break
 target_x, target_y = settarget1()
```
Now update the curr_x, curr_y, shark_x and shark_y variables by storing the current position of the fish and shark and delaying movement by 0.02 seconds.
```
  curr_x=math.floor(sprite.x())
  curr_y=math.floor(sprite.y())
  shark_x=math.floor(sprite2.x())
  shark_y=math.floor(sprite2.y())
  time.sleep(0.02)
```

The final code is as follows:

sprite = Sprite('Fish')
sprite1 = Sprite('Orange')
sprite2 = Sprite('Shark 2')
sprite3 = Sprite('Button3')
import random
import time
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import pandas as pd
import os
import math
		
curr_x = 25
curr_y = 108
shark_x=-177
shark_y=116
score=0
chance=5
fish_d=20
fish_m=25
shark_m=4
angle_f=90
angle_s=90
sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
sprite.setx(curr_x)
sprite.sety(curr_y)
sprite2.setx(shark_x)
sprite2.sety(shark_y)
sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_f)
sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_s)
def settarget(t):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x1 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y1 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x2 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y2 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x1)
  sprite1.sety(y1)
  sprite.setx(x)
  sprite.sety(y)
  sprite2.setx(x2)
  sprite2.sety(y2)
  return x, y, x1, y1, x2, y2
def settarget1(m):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, m)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, m)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x)
  sprite1.sety(y)
  return x, y
target_x, target_y = settarget1(40)
if(os.path.isfile('Chase_Data.csv')):
  data=pd.read_csv('Chase_Data.csv')
else:
  data = pd.DataFrame({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": angle_f, "direction_s": angle_s, "Action": "RIGHT"}, index=[0])
while True:
  # sprite2.pointto()
  sprite2.spriteRequest.requestCommand("motion_pointtowards", {"TOWARDS": "Fish"})
  sprite2.move(shark_m)
  angle_f=sprite.direction()
  angle_s=sprite2.direction()
  anglef=math.floor(angle_f)
  angles=math.floor(angle_s)
  if sprite.iskeypressed("up arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "UP"}, ignore_index=True)
    sprite.move(fish_m)
  if sprite.iskeypressed("left arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "LEFT"}, ignore_index=True)
    angle = anglef - fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)
    
     
  if sprite.iskeypressed("right arrow"):
    data = data.append({"curr_X": curr_x, "curr_Y": curr_y,"shark_X": shark_x, "shark_Y": shark_y, "tar_x": target_x, "tar_y": target_y, "diff_x":curr_x-target_x, "diff_y":curr_y-target_y, "diff_x1":shark_x-curr_x, "diff_y1":shark_y-curr_y, "direction_f": anglef, "direction_s": angles, "Action": "RIGHT"}, ignore_index=True)
    angle = anglef + fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)
    
  if(score>0 and score%2==0):
    data.to_csv('Chase_Data.csv',index=False)
  
  if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
    curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget(40)
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    if (chance == 0):
      data.to_csv('Chase_Data.csv',index=False)
      curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget(40)
      chance=5
  if abs(curr_x-target_x)<20 and abs(curr_y-target_y)<20:
    score = score + 1
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    if (score >= 50):
      data.to_csv('Chase_Data.csv',index=False)
      break
    target_x, target_y = settarget1(40)
  curr_x=math.floor(sprite.x())
  curr_y=math.floor(sprite.y())
  shark_x=math.floor(sprite2.x())
  shark_y=math.floor(sprite2.y())
  time.sleep(0.02)

Press the Run button and play fish feast game to collect data.
Store this dataset on your local computer.

Numbers(C/R) in Machine Learning Environment

Datasets on the internet are hardly ever fit to directly train on. Programmers often have to take care of unnecessary columns, text data, target columns, correlations, etc. Thankfully, PictoBlox’s ML Environment is packed with features to help us pre-process the data as per our liking.

Let’s create the ML model.

Opening Image Classifier Workflow
Alert: The Machine Learning Environment for model creation is available in the only desktop version of PictoBlox for Windows, macOS, or Linux. It is not available in Web, Android, and iOS versions.

Follow the steps below:

Open PictoBlox and create a new file.

Select the coding environment as Block Coding Environment.

Select the “Open ML Environment” option under the “Files” tab to access the ML Environment.

You’ll be greeted with the following screen.
Click on “Create New Project“.

You shall see the Numbers C/R workflow with an option to either “Upload Dataset” or “Create Dataset”.

Uploading/Creating Dataset

Datasets can either be uploaded or created on the ML Environment. Lets see how it is done.

Uploading a dataset

To upload a dataset, click on the Upload Dataset button and the Choose CSV from your files button.

Note: An uploaded dataset must be a “.csv” file.

Once uploaded the first 50 rows of the uploaded CSV document will show up in the window.

If you look at the output column, all the values are currently “0”. Hence, first we need to create an output column.

In the Dataset table, click on the tick near Select All to de-select all the columns.

click on the tick of Action column to select it. We will make this column the output.

The output column must always be numerical. Hence click on the button Text to Number to convert the data within this column to numerical type.

Now select it again and press the Set as Output button to set this column as Output.

There is also many which is not useful in training our model and needs to be disable. So select it and click the Disable button in the Selected columns section.

Creating a Dataset

To create a dataset, click on the Create Dataset button.

Select the number of rows and columns that are to be added and click on the Create button. More rows and columns can be added as and when needed.

Notes:

Each column represents a feature. These are the values used by the model to train itself.

The “Output” column contains the target values. These are the values that we expect the model to return when features are passed.

The window only shows the first 50 rows of the dataset.

Un-check the “Select All” checkbox to un-select all the columns.

Training the Model

After data is pre-processed and optimized, it’s fit to be used in model training. To train the model, simply click the “Train Model” button found in the “Training” panel.

By training the model, meaningful information is extracted from the numbers, and that in turn updates the weights. Once these weights are saved, the model can be used to make predictions on data previously unseen.

The model’s function is to use the input data and predict the output. The target column must always contain numbers.

However, before training the model, there are a few hyperparameters that need to be understood. Click on the “Advanced” tab to view them.

There are three hyperparameters that can be altered in the Numbers(C/R) Extension:

Epochs– The total number of times the data will be fed through the training model. Therefore, in 10 epochs, the dataset will be fed through the training model 10 times. Increasing the number of epochs can often lead to better performance.

Batch Size– The size of the set of samples that will be used in one step. For example, if there are 160 data samples in the dataset, and the batch size is set to 16, each epoch will be completed in 160/16=10 steps. This hyperparameter rarely needs any altering.

Learning Rate– It dictates the speed at which the model updates the weights after iterating through a step. Even small changes in this parameter can have a huge impact on the model performance. The usual range lies between 0.001 and 0.0001.

Note: Hover the mouse pointer over the question mark next to the hyperparameters to see their description.

It’s a good idea to train a numeric classification model for a high number of epochs. The model can be trained in both JavaScript and Python. In order to choose between the two, click on the switch on top of the Training panel.

Alert: Dependencies must be downloaded to train the model in Python, JavaScript will be chosen by default.

The accuracy of the model should increase over time. The x-axis of the graph shows the epochs, and the y-axis represents the accuracy at the corresponding epoch.

A window will open. Type in a project name of your choice and select the “Numbers(C/R)” extension. Click the “Create Project” button to open the Numbers(C/R) window.

Testing the Model

To test the model, simply enter the input values in the “Testing” panel and click on the “Predict” button.

The model will return the probability of the input belonging to the classes.

Export in Python Coding

Click on the “PictoBlox” button, and PictoBlox will load your model into the Python Coding Environment if you have opened the ML Environment in Python Coding.
Code
1. Creates a sprite object named “Fish”. A sprite is typically a graphical element that can be animated or displayed on a screen.
2. Creates three sprites object named “Orange” , “Shark2” and “Button3” and also upload backdrop of “Underwater2” .
3. Click on the Fish.py file from the Project files section.
```
sprite = Sprite('Fish')
```
4. Similarly, declare new sprites on the Fish.py file.
```
sprite1 = Sprite('Orange')
sprite2 = Sprite('Shark 2')
sprite3 = Sprite('Button3')
```
5. Then we will import the time, random, os, math, TensorFlow as tf and Pandas as pd modules using the import keyword for using delay in the program later.
  1. Time – For using delay in the program.
  2. Random – For using random position.
  3. Pandas as pd – For using Data Frame.
  4. Math– For using math functions in code.
  5. Os– For reading files from Program files.
```
import random
import time
import tensorflow as tf
import pandas as pd
import os
import math
```
6. Now, make 3 variables curr_x, curr_y, ang_f, mov_f and score with initial values 4, 3, 50, and 0 respectively.
  1. curr_x – To store the initial x – position of fish.
  2. curr_y – To store the initial y – position of fish.
  3. shark_x – To store the initial x – position of shark.
  4. shark_y – To store the initial y – position of shark.
  5. score – To store the score while playing the game.
  6. chance– To store the chance of fish while playing the game.
  7. fish_d– To store increment value in direction of fish on pressing specific key.
  8. fish_m – To store increment value in movement of fish on pressing specific key.
  9. shark_m – To store increment value in movement of shark on pressing specific key.
  10. shark_d – To store increment value in direction of shark on pressing specific key.
  11. angle_f – To store increment value in angle of fish on pressing specific key.
  12. angle_s – To store increment value in angle of shark on pressing specific key.
```
curr_x = 25 
curr_y = 108 
shark_x=-177 
shark_y=116 
score=0 
chance=5 
fish_d=20 
fish_m=35 
shark_m=25 
shark_d= 20 
angle_f=90 
angle_s=90
```
7. Now set initial position and angle of fish and shark both.
```
sprite.setx(curr_x) 
sprite.sety(curr_y) 
sprite2.setx(shark_x) 
sprite2.sety(shark_y) 
sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_f) sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_s)
```
8. Now, make a function settarget1() in which we are generating food at a random position. We pass one argument “t” in the function for generating target food in the greed position of the t gap.
  1. x and y – To generate the fish at random position on stage.
  2. x1 and y1 – To generate the food at random position on stage.
  3. x2 and y2 – To generate the shark at random position on stage.
  4. time.sleep – For giving the time delay.
  5. sprite.set()– To Set the position of fish at random position on stage.
  6. sprite1.set()– To Set the position of food at random position on stage.
  7. sprite2.set()– To Set the position of shark at random position on stage.
```
def settarget1(t):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x1 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y1 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x2 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y2 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x1)
  sprite1.sety(y1)
  sprite.setx(x)
  sprite.sety(y)
  sprite2.setx(x2)
  sprite2.sety(y2)
  return x, y, x1, y1, x2, y2
```
9. Now, make a function settarget() in which we are generating food at a random position. We pass one argument “m” in the function for generating target food in the greed position of the t gap.
  1. x and y – To generate the food at random position on stage.
  2. time.sleep – For giving the time delay.
  3. sprite1.set()– To Set the position of food at random position on stage.
```
def settarget(m):
x = random.randrange(-200, 200, m)
y = random.randrange(-155, 155, m)
time.sleep(0.1)
sprite1.setx(x)
sprite1.sety(y)
return x, y 
```
10. Now set the target (food). In this, fish are chasing the food, and target_x and target_y should be equal to the x and y positions of the food.
```
target_x, target_y = settarget(40)
```
11. Now, make a function runprediction() in which we are predicting class (Left, Up, right) by taking argument from user . We pass three arguments “diff_x”, “diff-y”, “diff_x1”, “diff_y1”, “ang1”, “ang2” in the function.
  1. inputvalue – To store input parameters of function in array.
  2. model.predict() – For predicting output from trained model.
  3. np.argmax(,)– To find the most probable prediction output.
```
def runprediction(diff_x, diff_y, diff_x1, diff_y1, ang1, ang2):
  inputValue=[diff_x, diff_y, diff_x1, diff_y1, ang1, ang2]
  #Input Tensor
  inputTensor = tf.expand_dims(inputValue, 0)
  #Predict
  predict = model.predict(inputTensor)
  predict_index = np.argmax(predict[0], axis=0)
  #Output
  predicted_class = class_list[predict_index]
  return predicted_class
```
12. After that, we will use the while True loop to run the code indefinitely. Don’t forget to add a colon ‘:’ just after the loop to avoid errors.
```
While True :
```
13. Now write the script for moving the Shark in forward direction and change clockwise or anticlockwise direction by fix value with the help of a conditional statement.
  1. If the up arrow key is pressed then fish will move fish_m position in same direction.
  2. After pressing the up arrow key, the shark_x and shark_y variables update by storing the current position of the shark.
```
if sprite.iskeypressed("up arrow"):
    sprite2.move(shark_m)
    shark_x=sprite2.x()
    shark_y=sprite2.y() 
```
14. Repeat the process for the set direction in clockwise or anticlockwise.
```
  if sprite.iskeypressed("left arrow"):
    angles = angle_s - shark_d
    sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angles)
    
  if sprite.iskeypressed("right arrow"):
    angles = angle_s + shark_d
    sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angles)
```
15. Find the direction of shark and fish using the Python pictoblox function and store prediction value in ‘move’ variable.
```
angle_f=sprite.direction()
angle_s=sprite2.direction()
move = runprediction(curr_x- target_x, curr_y-target_y, shark_x-curr_x, shark_y-curr_y, angle_f, angle_s)
```
16. Now write the script for moving the Fish in forward direction and change clockwise or anticlockwise direction by fix value with the help of a conditional statement.
  1. If the predicted value is “UP” then fish will move fish_m position in same direction.
  2. If the predicted value is “LEFT” then fish will change direction by some constant value in anticlockwise direction.
  3. If the predicted value is “RIGHT” then fish will change direction by some constant value in clockwise direction.
```
if move == "UP":
    sprite.move(fish_m)
    curr_x=sprite.x()
    curr_y=sprite.y()

if move == "LEFT":
    angle = angle_f - fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)

if move == "RIGHT":
    angle = angle_f + fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)
```
17. Write the conditional statement for the chance variable. If the fish and shark position difference is less than 20, then the chance should be decreased by one.
```
 if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
```
18. Update the position of all three sprites, and if chance becomes 0, then the positions of all three sprites change randomly by the functions settarget1() and update chance value.
```
  if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
    curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget1(40)
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    if (chance == 0):
      chance=5
```
19. Again write the conditional statement for the score variable if the fish and food position difference is less then 20 then the score should be increased by one and food positions change randomly by the function settarget().
```
if abs(curr_x-target_x)<20 and abs(curr_y-target_y)<20: 
    score = score + 1 
    sprite.say(("your score is: {}".format(score)))
    target_x, target_y = settarget(4)
```
20. The final code is as follows:
```
sprite = Sprite('Fish')
sprite1 = Sprite('Orange')
sprite2 = Sprite('Shark 2')
sprite3 = Sprite('Button3')
 
import random
import time
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import pandas as pd
import os
import math
#Load Number Model
model= tf.keras.models.load_model(
		"num_model.h5", 
		custom_objects=None, 
		compile=True, 
		options=None)
		
#List of classes
class_list = ['UP','RIGHT','LEFT',]  
		
curr_x = 25
curr_y = 108
shark_x=-177
shark_y=116
score=0
chance=5
fish_d=20
fish_m=35
shark_m=25
shark_d=20
angle_f=90
angle_s=90

sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
 
sprite.setx(curr_x) 
sprite.sety(curr_y) 
sprite2.setx(shark_x) 
sprite2.sety(shark_y) 
sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_f) 
sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle_s)

def settarget1(t):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x1 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y1 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  x2 = random.randrange(-200, 200, t)
  y2 = random.randrange(-155, 155, t)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x1)
  sprite1.sety(y1)
  sprite.setx(x)
  sprite.sety(y)
  sprite2.setx(x2)
  sprite2.sety(y2)
  return x, y, x1, y1, x2, y2
  
def settarget(m):
  x = random.randrange(-200, 200, m)
  y = random.randrange(-155, 155, m)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  sprite1.setx(x)
  sprite1.sety(y)
  return x, y
  
target_x, target_y = settarget(40)
def runprediction(diff_x, diff_y, diff_x1, diff_y1, ang1, ang2):
  inputValue=[diff_x, diff_y, diff_x1, diff_y1, ang1, ang2]
  #Input Tensor
  inputTensor = tf.expand_dims(inputValue, 0)
  #Predict
  predict = model.predict(inputTensor)
  predict_index = np.argmax(predict[0], axis=0)
  #Output
  predicted_class = class_list[predict_index]
  return predicted_class
while True:
  if sprite.iskeypressed("up arrow"):
    sprite2.move(shark_m)
    shark_x=sprite2.x()
    shark_y=sprite2.y()
    
  if sprite.iskeypressed("left arrow"):
    angles = angle_s - shark_d
    sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angles)
  if sprite.iskeypressed("right arrow"):
    angles = angle_s + shark_d
    sprite2.setdirection(DIRECTION=angles)
 
  angle_f=sprite.direction()
  angle_s=sprite2.direction()
  move = runprediction(curr_x- target_x, curr_y-target_y, shark_x-curr_x, shark_y-curr_y, angle_f, angle_s)
  
  if move == "UP":
    sprite.move(fish_m)
    curr_x=sprite.x()
    curr_y=sprite.y()

  if move == "LEFT":
    angle = angle_f - fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)

  if move == "RIGHT":
    angle = angle_f + fish_d
    sprite.setdirection(DIRECTION=angle)
 
  if abs(shark_x-curr_x)<20 and abs(shark_y-curr_y)<20:
    chance= chance-1
    curr_x, curr_y, target_x, target_y, shark_x, shark_y = settarget1(40)
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    if (chance == 0):
      chance=5
  if abs(curr_x-target_x)<35 and abs(curr_y-target_y)<35:
    score = score + 1
    sprite3.say(("score: ",score ," and chance:  ",chance,""))
    target_x, target_y = settarget(4)

  time.sleep(0.2) 
```
  Final Result
  
  Conclusion
  
  Creating a Machine Learning Model of “Shark Attack: Hungry for Fish” game can be both complex and time-consuming. Through the steps demonstrated in this project, you can create your own Machine Learning Model of automated game. Once trained, you can export the model into the Python Coding Environment, where you can tweak it further to give you the desired output. Try creating a Machine Learning Model of your own today and explore the possibilities of Number Classifier in PictoBlox!